abstract：BACKGROUND:Problems with the voluntary control of behavior, such as those leading to increased antisaccade errors, are accepted as evidence of prefrontal dysfunction in schizophrenia. We previously reported that speeded prosaccade responses, i.e., shorter response latencies for automatic shifts of attention to visual t...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Reilly JL,Harris MS,Khine TT,Keshavan MS,Sweeney JA

更新日期：2008-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Identifying trait markers specific to schizophrenia might uncover mechanisms underlying illness susceptibility. Previous research shows the N2 and P3 event-related potentials are abnormal in schizophrenia; specificity of these potential trait markers has not been well established. METHODS:Electroencephalogr...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Groom MJ,Bates AT,Jackson GM,Calton TG,Liddle PF,Hollis C

更新日期：2008-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Reduced responsiveness to positive incentives is a central feature of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). In the present study, we compared neural correlates of monetary incentive processing in unmedicated depressed participants and never-depressed control subjects. METHODS:Fourteen currently depressed and 12 ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Knutson B,Bhanji JP,Cooney RE,Atlas LY,Gotlib IH

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:DISC1 has been suggested as a causative gene for psychoses in a large Scottish kindred. PCNT2 has recently been identified as an interacting partner of DISC1. In this study, we investigated the role of PCNT2 in bipolar disorder, by gene expression analysis and genetic association study. METHODS:By TaqMan re...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Anitha A,Nakamura K,Yamada K,Iwayama Y,Toyota T,Takei N,Iwata Y,Suzuki K,Sekine Y,Matsuzaki H,Kawai M,Miyoshi K,Katayama T,Matsuzaki S,Baba K,Honda A,Hattori T,Shimizu S,Kumamoto N,Tohyama M,Yoshikawa T,Mori N

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Two broad treatment options exist for switching antidepressants for depressed patients who fail to respond to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI): either a second course of SSRI therapy or a different class of antidepressants. The goal of the present work was to conduct a meta-analysis of studies...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Papakostas GI,Fava M,Thase ME

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cognitive dysfunction is a hallmark feature of schizophrenia. In recent years, it has been proposed that impairments in attention, working memory and executive function may all reflect an underlying deficit in context processing. In individuals with schizophrenia, deficits in context processing have been ass...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Delawalla Z,Csernansky JG,Barch DM

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Shared neuropathological characteristics of patients with schizophrenia and their siblings might represent intermediate phenotypes that could be used to investigate genetic susceptibility to the illness. We sought to discover previously unidentified gray matter volume differences in patients with schizophren...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Honea RA,Meyer-Lindenberg A,Hobbs KB,Pezawas L,Mattay VS,Egan MF,Verchinski B,Passingham RE,Weinberger DR,Callicott JH

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Both corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR) are implicated in the psychotic symptoms of psychiatric disorders. Correspondingly, it is of interest to determine their respective involvement in the sensorimotor gating deficits displayed by transgenic mice overexpressing CRF. Thes...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Groenink L,Dirks A,Verdouw PM,de Graaff M,Peeters BW,Millan MJ,Olivier B

更新日期：2008-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Considering the magnitude of the reported changes in brain volume over time in first-episode patients it is unlikely that these changes are constant over the life-span of the schizophrenic illness. Thus, one would expect the progression in brain volume change in schizophrenia to follow a more complex traject...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： van Haren NE,Hulshoff Pol HE,Schnack HG,Cahn W,Brans R,Carati I,Rais M,Kahn RS

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The DTNBP1 gene, encoding dysbindin, has been strongly implicated in schizophrenia (SZ) susceptibility by a series of independent genetic association and gene expression studies. Among its known functions, dysbindin is part of a protein complex, termed the biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Morris DW,Murphy K,Kenny N,Purcell SM,McGhee KA,Schwaiger S,Nangle JM,Donohoe G,Clarke S,Scully P,Quinn J,Meagher D,Baldwin P,Crumlish N,O'Callaghan E,Waddington JL,Gill M,Corvin AP

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A number of studies have provided evidence for genetic modulation of brain structure in unaffected family members (FM) of schizophrenia patients using conventional volumetric analysis. High-dimensional pattern classification methods have been reported to have the capacity to determine subtle and spatially co...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Fan Y,Gur RE,Gur RC,Wu X,Shen D,Calkins ME,Davatzikos C

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In nonhuman mammals, oxytocin has a critical role in peer recognition and social approach behavior. In humans, oxytocin has been found to enhance trust and the ability to interpret the emotions of others. It has been suggested that oxytocin may enhance facial processing by increasing focus on the eye region ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Guastella AJ,Mitchell PB,Dadds MR

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:First degree relatives (FDR) of patients with schizophrenia have higher risk of developing schizophrenia than the general population. Previous positron emission tomography (PET) studies have shown that striatal presynaptic dopamine synthesis capacity is increased in schizophrenia. We investigated whether thi...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Huttunen J,Heinimaa M,Svirskis T,Nyman M,Kajander J,Forsback S,Solin O,Ilonen T,Korkeila J,Ristkari T,McGlashan T,Salokangas RK,Hietala J

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We evaluated the comparative efficacy and safety of venlafaxine extended release (ER) and fluoxetine in the acute and continuation phases of treatment. METHODS:In this multicenter, double-blind study, outpatients with recurrent unipolar major depression were randomly assigned to receive venlafaxine ER (75-3...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Keller MB,Trivedi MH,Thase ME,Shelton RC,Kornstein SG,Nemeroff CB,Friedman ES,Gelenberg AJ,Kocsis JH,Dunner DL,Dunlop BW,Hirschfeld RM,Rothschild AJ,Ferguson JM,Schatzberg AF,Zajecka JM,Pedersen R,Yan B,Ahmed S,Schm

更新日期：2007-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The endocannabinoid anandamide may be involved in the regulation of emotional reactivity. In particular, it has been shown that pharmacological inhibition of the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), which catalyzes the intracellular hydrolysis of anandamide, elicits anxiolytic-like and antidepressant-li...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Bortolato M,Mangieri RA,Fu J,Kim JH,Arguello O,Duranti A,Tontini A,Mor M,Tarzia G,Piomelli D

更新日期：2007-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Head growth rates are often accelerated in autism. This study is aimed at defining the clinical, morphological, and biochemical correlates of head circumference in autistic patients. METHODS:Fronto-occipital head circumference was measured in 241 nonsyndromic autistic patients, 3 to 16 years old, diagnosed ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Sacco R,Militerni R,Frolli A,Bravaccio C,Gritti A,Elia M,Curatolo P,Manzi B,Trillo S,Lenti C,Saccani M,Schneider C,Melmed R,Reichelt KL,Pascucci T,Puglisi-Allegra S,Persico AM

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The goal of this study was to identify chromosomal regions likely to contain susceptibility loci for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METHODS:We conducted a genome-wide linkage scan, with average marker spacing less than 10 centimorgans (cM), in 121 subjects from 26 families ascertained through probands...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Hanna GL,Veenstra-Vanderweele J,Cox NJ,Van Etten M,Fischer DJ,Himle JA,Bivens NC,Wu X,Roe CA,Hennessy KA,Dickel DE,Leventhal BL,Cook EH Jr

更新日期：2007-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Growing evidence supports a pivotal role for the amygdala in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SZ). However, the occurrence of morphologic changes in the amygdala is currently controversial. METHODS:Total number and numeric density of neurons, neuronal somata size, and volume of t...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Berretta S,Pantazopoulos H,Lange N

更新日期：2007-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Numerous studies have implicated neurogenesis in the hippocampus in animal models of depression, especially those related to controllability and learned helplessness. Here, we tested the hypothesis that uncontrollable but not controllable stress would reduce cell proliferation in the hippocampus of male and ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Shors TJ,Mathew J,Sisti HM,Edgecomb C,Beckoff S,Dalla C

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent evidence from clinical studies and animal models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) suggest that neuronal and glial loss might progress after the initial insult in selectively vulnerable regions of the brain such as the hippocampus. There is also evidence that hippocampal dysfunction plays a role in the ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Jorge RE,Acion L,Starkstein SE,Magnotta V

更新日期：2007-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We investigated the impact of depression and inflammatory markers, assessed 2 months after acute coronary syndrome (ACS), on major adverse cardiac events over 2 years (MACEs; cardiac death, survived myocardial infarction, survived cardiac arrest, and nonelective revascularization). METHODS:Depression sympto...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Frasure-Smith N,Lespérance F,Irwin MR,Sauvé C,Lespérance J,Théroux P

更新日期：2007-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We have previously shown that juvenile bipolar disorder (BPD) is a risk for substance use disorders (SUD). Here we examine the expression of both disorders in families of youth with BPD to evaluate the familial risk mechanism. METHODS:We studied 108 adolescent BPD probands with 187 parents (34 with SUD and ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Wilens TE,Biederman J,Adamson J,Monuteaux M,Henin A,Sgambati S,Santry A,Faraone SV

更新日期：2007-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Exaggerated corticotropin (ACTH) and cortisol response to the combined dexamethasone (DEX)/corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) test, indicating impaired regulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) system, is frequently observed in depression. In the present study, we examined whether chan...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Ising M,Horstmann S,Kloiber S,Lucae S,Binder EB,Kern N,Künzel HE,Pfennig A,Uhr M,Holsboer F

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The neurobiological underpinnings of bipolar disorder are not well understood. Previous neuroimaging findings have been inconsistent; however, new methods for three-dimensional (3-D) computational image analysis may better characterize neuroanatomic changes than standard volumetric measures. METHODS:We used...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Bearden CE,Thompson PM,Dalwani M,Hayashi KM,Lee AD,Nicoletti M,Trakhtenbroit M,Glahn DC,Brambilla P,Sassi RB,Mallinger AG,Frank E,Kupfer DJ,Soares JC

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Chromatin remodeling, including changes in histone acetylation, might play a role in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. We investigated whether the histone deacetylase inhibitor sodium butyrate (SB) administered as single drug or in combination with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (S...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Schroeder FA,Lin CL,Crusio WE,Akbarian S

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This multicenter, randomized, fixed-dose, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated efficacy of extended-release dexmethylphenidate (d-MPH-ER) in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS:Randomized adults with ADHD (n=221) received once-daily d-MPH-ER 20 mg, 30 mg, or 40 m...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Spencer TJ,Adler LA,McGough JJ,Muniz R,Jiang H,Pestreich L,Adult ADHD Research Group.

更新日期：2007-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Converging evidence has demonstrated an association between the Disrupted in Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) gene and schizophrenia (SZ). Within the DISC1 gene, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), Ser704Cys, has been associated with the structure and function of the hippocampus. Because positive symptoms in SZ h...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： DeRosse P,Hodgkinson CA,Lencz T,Burdick KE,Kane JM,Goldman D,Malhotra AK

更新日期：2007-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In a single-center, placebo-controlled study, topiramate reduced binge eating and weight in patients with binge eating disorder (BED) and obesity. The current investigation evaluated the safety and efficacy of topiramate in a multicenter, placebo-controlled trial. METHODS:Eligible patients between 18 and 65...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： McElroy SL,Hudson JI,Capece JA,Beyers K,Fisher AC,Rosenthal NR,Topiramate Binge Eating Disorder Research Group.

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:A polymorphism of the human serotonin transporter gene (SCL6A4) has been associated with serotonin transporter expression and with processing of aversive stimuli in the amygdala. Functional imaging studies show that during the presentation of aversive versus neutral cues, healthy carriers of the short (s) al...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Heinz A,Smolka MN,Braus DF,Wrase J,Beck A,Flor H,Mann K,Schumann G,Büchel C,Hariri AR,Weinberger DR

更新日期：2007-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Metyrapone blocks cortisol synthesis which results in removal of negative feedback, a stimulation of hypothalamic corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and a reduction in delta sleep. We previously reported a diminished delta sleep and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) response to metyrapone in men with po...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Otte C,Lenoci M,Metzler T,Yehuda R,Marmar CR,Neylan TC

更新日期：2007-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Animal studies demonstrate that stress and negative affect enhance the release of the neuropeptide substance P (SP), which binds to the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor. This positron emission tomography (PET) study evaluated how the activity in the SP-NK1 receptor system in the amygdala was affected by fear prov...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Michelgård A,Appel L,Pissiota A,Frans O,Långström B,Bergström M,Fredrikson M

更新日期：2007-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is an increasing recognition that the pathophysiology of mental disorders could be the result of deregulation of synaptic plasticity with alterations of neurotrophins. The valine (Val)66-to-methionine (Met) variant, located in the pro brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) sequence, has been extensiv...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Gratacòs M,González JR,Mercader JM,de Cid R,Urretavizcaya M,Estivill X

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Functional neuroimaging studies of bipolar disorder (BD) performed in conjunction with antidepressant treatment trials generally require that patients remain on mood stabilizers to reduce the risk of inducing mania; yet, it is unknown whether the metabolic abnormalities evident in unmedicated BD depressives ...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Mah L,Zarate CA Jr,Singh J,Duan YF,Luckenbaugh DA,Manji HK,Drevets WC

更新日期：2007-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Excessive glutamatergic neurotransmission may contribute to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Recent evidence suggests that riluzole and other agents that target glutamate neurotransmission may show antidepressant activity. METHODS:Ten patients with treatment-resistant depression had r...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Sanacora G,Kendell SF,Levin Y,Simen AA,Fenton LR,Coric V,Krystal JH

更新日期：2007-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The 5HTTLPR genetic variant of the serotonin transporter (SERT), which consists of a long (SERT-l) and short (SERT-s) allele, has emerged as a major factor influencing emotional behavior and brain anatomy. The pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus projects to important limbic nuclei including the amygdala and cin...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Young KA,Holcomb LA,Bonkale WL,Hicks PB,Yazdani U,German DC

更新日期：2007-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The cardiovascular safety of mixed amphetamine salts extended release (MAS XR) was evaluated in 2968 children 6-12 years of age with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS:In this prospective, open-label, noncomparative, community-based study, subjects whose symptoms of ADHD were well cont...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Donner R,Michaels MA,Ambrosini PJ

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Personality traits are associated with substance dependence (SD); genetic factors may influence both. Strong associations between ADH4 variation and SD have been reported. We aimed to investigate the relationship between ADH4 variation and personality traits in the present study. METHODS:We assessed dimensi...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Luo X,Kranzler HR,Zuo L,Wang S,Gelernter J

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Methylphenidate has been shown elsewhere to improve hyperactivity in about half of treated children who have pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) and significant hyperactive-inattentive symptoms. We present secondary analyses to better define the scope of effects of methylphenidate on symptoms that define...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Posey DJ,Aman MG,McCracken JT,Scahill L,Tierney E,Arnold LE,Vitiello B,Chuang SZ,Davies M,Ramadan Y,Witwer AN,Swiezy NB,Cronin P,Shah B,Carroll DH,Young C,Wheeler C,McDougle CJ

更新日期：2007-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and abnormalities in stool consistency are frequently reported by parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The purpose of this study was to 1) describe dietary intake of a cohort of children with ASD compared with normative data and 2) determine whether GI symp...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： Levy SE,Souders MC,Ittenbach RF,Giarelli E,Mulberg AE,Pinto-Martin JA

更新日期：2007-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The presence of a comorbid tic disorder may predict a poorer outcome in the acute treatment of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METHODS:Using data from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)-funded Pediatric OCD Treatment Study (POTS) that compared cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT), med...

journal_title：Biological psychiatry

authors： March JS,Franklin ME,Leonard H,Garcia A,Moore P,Freeman J,Foa E

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00